[Long term survival in patient with metastatic breast cancer treated with sacituzmab govitecan.].

The clinical case presented refers to a woman suffering from metastatic breast cancer treated with sacituzumab govitecan (SG) who has a long progression-free survival. The case is characterized by the extreme aggressiveness of the neoplastic disease that relapses during adjuvant hormonal treatment with a metastatic disease that presents immunohistochemical characteristics different from the primary tumor. After first-line therapy with nabpaclitaxel and atezolizumab and the subsequent one with carboplatin and gemcitabine, both characterized by short PFS, the third line with SG is characterized by obtaining a complete response and a prolonged PFS as well as extreme tolerability that continues to this day after 15 months of treatment.

Anti-IL-17 monoclonal antibodies and bullous pemphigoid: treatment or causal agents? A case series and review of the literature.

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune bullous disease, typically affecting the elderly, characterized by the production of autoantibodies directed against structural components of the dermal-epidermal junction. An association between BP and psoriasis has been described several times, but the mechanisms underlying this association have yet to be clearly defined. The pathophysiological mechanism underlying psoriasis may be implicated in the pathogenesis of BP, as psoriasis precedes BP in most cases; in particular, a promoting role has been hypothesized by biologic therapies, which may induce a switch from a T helper 1 (T1)/T17-dominant cytokine milieu, typical of patients with psoriasis, to a T2-dominant one, typical of patients with BP.

ERK signalling eliminates Nanog and maintains Oct4 to drive the formative pluripotency transition.

Naïve epiblast cells in the embryo and pluripotent stem cells in vitro undergo developmental progression to a formative state competent for lineage specification. During this transition, transcription factors and chromatin are rewired to encode new functional features. Here, we examine the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK1/2) signalling in pluripotent state transition.

Control of cell state transitions by post-transcriptional regulation.

Cell state transitions are prevalent in biology, playing a fundamental role in development, homeostasis and repair. Dysregulation of cell state transitions can lead to or occur in a wide range of diseases. In this letter, I explore and highlight the role of post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms in determining the dynamics of cell state transitions.