Self-assembly of cyclodextrin complexes: detection, obstacles and benefits.

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are cyclic oligosaccharides that form water-soluble inclusion complexes of lipophilic molecules. They are commonly used as pharmaceutical excipients. Recently it has been observed that CDs and CD complexes self-assemble in aqueous solutions to form transient clusters, nanoparticles and small microparticles.

Solubility of Cyclodextrins and Drug/Cyclodextrin Complexes.

Cyclodextrins (CDs), a group of oligosaccharides formed by glucose units bound together in a ring, show a promising ability to form complexes with drug molecules and improve their physicochemical properties without molecular modifications. The stoichiometry of drug/CD complexes is most frequently 1:1. However, natural CDs have a tendency to self-assemble and form aggregates in aqueous media.

Cyclodextrin-Based Formulations: A Non-Invasive Platform for Targeted Drug Delivery.

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are recognized as promising pharmaceutical excipients due to their unique ability to form water-soluble inclusion complexes with various poorly soluble compounds. The numerous investigations on CDs and their use in nanomedicine have received considerable attention in the last three decades, leading to the rapid development of new CD-containing formulations that significantly facilitate targeted drug delivery and controlled drug release, with consequent improvements in drug bioavailability. This MiniReview highlights the efficacy and recent uses of CDs for non-invasive drug delivery.

Evaluation of γ-cyclodextrin effect on permeation of lipophilic drugs: application of cellophane/fused octanol membrane.

According to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System, oral bioavailability of drugs is determined by their aqueous solubility and the ability of the dissolved drug molecules to permeate lipophilic biological membranes. Similarly topical bioavailability of ophthalmic drugs is determined by their solubility in the aqueous tear fluid and their ability to permeate the lipophilic cornea. Enabling pharmaceutical excipients such as cyclodextrins can have profound effect on the drug bioavailability.

Cyclodextrin-based telmisartan ophthalmic suspension: Formulation development for water-insoluble drugs.

In this study, cyclodextrin-based aqueous eye drop suspension of the water insoluble drug telmisartan was developed. Formation of a drug/γ-cyclodextrin complex was enabled by preventing formation of a poorly water-soluble zwitterion using a volatile base that was removed upon drying of the complex powder. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was shown to have the overall best effect, stabilizing the complexes without hampering the drug release from the formulation.