Clinical and economic impact of rivaroxaban on the burden of atrial fibrillation: The case study of Japan.

Objectives: Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects an estimated 1.5 million individuals in Japan, increasing their stroke risk and imposing considerable costs on the Japanese healthcare system. To reduce stroke incidence, guidelines recommend using anticoagulants in moderate-to-high risk non-valvular AF (NVAF) patients; however, many patients receive no treatment, aspirin only, or remain poorly-controlled on vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) due to high VKA discontinuation rates and non-adherence to guidelines.

Reduction in resource use with the misoprostol vaginal insert vs the dinoprostone vaginal insert for labour induction: a model-based analysis from a United Kingdom healthcare perspective.

Background: In view of the increasing pressure on the UK's maternity units, new methods of labour induction are required to alleviate the burden on the National Health Service, while maintaining the quality of care for women during delivery. A model was developed to evaluate the resource use associated with misoprostol vaginal inserts (MVIs) and dinoprostone vaginal inserts (DVIs) for the induction of labour at term.

Methods: The one-year Markov model estimated clinical outcomes in a hypothetical cohort of 1397 pregnant women (parous and nulliparous) induced with either MVI or DVI at Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.

Budget impact of rosuvastatin initiation in high-risk hyperlipidemic patients from a US managed care perspective.

Introduction: Statins reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, which, when elevated, represent a significant risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) disease. Hyperlipidemic patients at risk of CV events initiated on simvastatin or atorvastatin may be less likely to meet LDL-C goals (defined in National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines) and more likely to experience CV events than patients initiated on rosuvastatin. A 3-year budget impact model was developed to estimate the clinical impact and cost to a US managed care organization (MCO) with 1 million members of initiating high-risk hyperlipidemic patients on rosuvastatin rather than simvastatin or atorvastatin.

Unintended pregnancies in England in 2010: costs to the National Health Service (NHS).

Introduction: Here we estimate the direct medical costs to the National Health Service (NHS) of unintended pregnancies in 2010 and identify populations at risk for unintended pregnancies.

Methods: The number of unintended pregnancies in England in 2010 was estimated based on the number of induced and spontaneous abortions, live births and ectopic pregnancies reported by the NHS and Office for National Statistics. Direct medical costs associated with these were obtained from the NHS Reference Costs.