Human Milk Research, More to Learn?

Human milk is the recommended sole source of nutrition for infants during the first 6 months of age, thanks to its composition rich in nutritious and bioactive components. Progress in analytics has allowed for a detailed description of its components and their variability within and among mothers. This is especially valid for the human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) that represent one of the major human milk compound groups.

Impact of preconception and antenatal supplementation with myo-inositol, probiotics, and micronutrients on offspring BMI and weight gain over the first 2 years.

Background: Nutritional intervention preconception and throughout pregnancy has been proposed as an approach to promoting healthy postnatal weight gain in the offspring but few randomised trials have examined this.

Methods: Measurements of weight and length were obtained at multiple time points from birth to 2 years among 576 offspring of women randomised to receive preconception and antenatally either a supplement containing myo-inositol, probiotics, and additional micronutrients (intervention) or a standard micronutrient supplement (control). We examined the influence on age- and sex-standardised BMI at 2 years (WHO standards, adjusting for study site, sex, maternal parity, smoking and pre-pregnancy BMI, and gestational age), together with the change in weight, length, BMI from birth, and weight gain trajectories using latent class growth analysis.

Bioprospecting of a Indigenous Strain for Chasselas Winemaking in 2022 Vintage.

Interest in () is growing in the world of winemaking. is used both to protect musts from microbial spoilage and to modulate the aromatic profile of wines. Here, we describe the isolation, characterization, and use of an autochthonous strain of in the vinification of Chasselas musts from the 2022 vintage.

Prediction of fat-free mass in young children using bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy.

Background: Bioimpedance devices are practical for measuring body composition in preschool children, but their application is limited by the lack of validated equations.

Objectives: To develop and validate fat-free mass (FFM) bioimpedance prediction equations among New Zealand 3.5-year olds, with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as the reference method.

Glucose variability in 6-12-month-old healthy infants.

Background: Metabolic programming of glucose homeostasis in the first 1,000 days of life may impact lifelong metabolic and cardiovascular health. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices may help measure the impact of dietary intake on glucose rhythms and metabolism in infants during the complementary feeding period.

Objectives: Demonstrate the feasibility of CGM to measure and quantify glucose variability in response to infant feeding and to evaluate associations between macronutrient meal composition and glucose variability.