The influence of time-of-day variation and loading on the aponeurosis plantaris pedis: an ultrasonographic study.

Aim: The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of time-of-day on the thickness of the the aponeurosis plantaris pedis, and to examine the acute effects of high-load strength training and long distance running on the thickness of the aponeurosis plantaris pedis.

Methods: Proximal aponeurosis plantaris pedis thickness was assessed with a 13-MHz linear-array transducer. In sub-study 1, ten participants (ten aponeurosis') were measured five times during 24 hours.

Intra- and interobserver reliability of quantitative ultrasound measurement of the plantar fascia.

Purpose: To determine intra- and interobserver reliability and measurement precision of sonographic assessment of plantar fascia thickness when using one, the mean of two, or the mean of three measurements.

Methods: Two experienced observers scanned 20 healthy subjects twice with 60 minutes between test and retest. A GE LOGIQe ultrasound scanner was used in the study.

Non-linear analysis of the structure of variability in midfoot kinematics.

Introduction: Evaluation of structural variability in biological time series through measures such as sample entropy (SaEn) has provided important information in neurology and cardiology. This has contributed to the development of the "loss of complexity hypothesis" where high variability has been described as healthy flexibility and low variability associated with pathology. The purpose of this study was to calculate sample entropy (SaEn) to establish normal values of non-linear variability and to examine which factors are associated with SaEn in midfoot kinematics.

Video based analysis of dynamic midfoot function and its relationship with Foot Posture Index scores.

Introduction: Various studies have demonstrated significant as well as non-significant relationships between static evaluation of foot posture and injury likelihood. Therefore, the relationship of static and dynamic measures needs to be established as in clinical settings time consuming dynamic methods are often not feasible.

Purpose: Assess reliability of a new method to quantify midfoot movement and validate the use of Foot Posture Index (FPI) classification as predictor of dynamic foot function during walking.

Vitamin D status in kidney transplant patients: need for intensified routine supplementation.

Background: A high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency has been found in the general population and in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Objective: The aim was to examine vitamin D status and determinants and metabolic correlates of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in a population of adult Danish kidney transplant patients.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study of 173 adult kidney transplant patients with a mean (+/-SD) age of 53.