Glenn circulation causes early and progressive shunting in a surgical model of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations.

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) universally develop in patients with single ventricle congenital heart disease. Single ventricle PAVMs have been recognized for over 50 years but remain poorly understood. To improve our understanding, we developed a surgical rat model of Glenn circulation and characterized PAVM physiology over multiple time points.

The Smoothened agonist SAG Modulates the Male and Female Peripheral Immune Systems Differently in an Immune Model of Central Nervous System Demyelination.

Both Hedgehog and androgen signaling pathways are known to promote myelin regeneration in the central nervous system. Remarkably, the combined administration of agonists of each pathway revealed their functional cooperation towards higher regeneration in demyelination models in males. Since multiple sclerosis, the most common demyelinating disease, predominates in women, and androgen effects were reported to diverge according to sex, it seemed essential to assess the existence of such cooperation in females.

Glenn circulation causes early and progressive shunting in a surgical model of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations.

Background: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) universally develop in patients with single ventricle congenital heart disease (CHD). Single ventricle PAVMs have been recognized for over 50 years, yet they are poorly understood, and we lack any medical therapies. To improve our understanding of single ventricle PAVM initiation and progression, we developed a surgical rat model of Glenn circulation and characterized PAVM physiology over multiple time points.

Mixed methods to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards rabies in central and remote communities of Moramanga district, Madagascar.

Control of dog-mediated rabies relies on raising awareness, access to post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and mass dog vaccination. To assess rabies awareness in Moramanga district, Madagascar, where rabies is endemic, two complementary quantitative and qualitative approaches were carried out in 2018. In the quantitative approach, a standardized questionnaire was administered to 334 randomized participants living in 170 households located less than 5 km from the anti-rabies treatment center (ARTC) located in Moramanga city (thereafter called the central area), and in 164 households located more than 15 km away from the ARTC in two rural communes (thereafter called the remote area).

Testosterone Inhibits Secretion of the Pro-Inflammatory Chemokine CXCL1 from Astrocytes.

Astrocytes play an important role in the regulation of the inflammatory response in the CNS, e.g., in demyelinating diseases.