Genes and Pathways Comprising the Human and Mouse ORFeomes Display Distinct Codon Bias Signatures that Can Regulate Protein Levels.

Arginine, glutamic acid and selenocysteine based codon bias has been shown to regulate the translation of specific mRNAs for proteins that participate in stress responses, cell cycle and transcriptional regulation. Defining codon-bias in gene networks has the potential to identify other pathways under translational control. Here we have used computational methods to analyze the ORFeome of all unique human (19,711) and mouse (22,138) open-reading frames (ORFs) to characterize codon-usage and codon-bias in genes and biological processes.

Organic Donor-Acceptor Complexes As Potential Semiconducting Materials.

In this review article, the synthesis, characterization and physico-chemical properties of the organic donor-acceptor complexes are highlighted and a special emphasis has been placed on developing them as semiconducting materials. The electron-rich molecules, i. e.

Postpartum maternal tachycardia - diagnostic pitfalls!

Purpose Of Review: Maternal tachycardia is a common sign with a multitude of causes. We attempt to look at the most common sinister ones in the postpartum period.

Recent Findings: Current guidelines differ in the definition of maternal tachycardia.

RNAi-based knockdown of candidate gut receptor genes altered the susceptibility of and larvae to a chimeric toxin Cry1AcF.

Background: A multitude of Cry toxins (secreted by or Bt) has been deployed globally either transgenic mean or bio-pesticidal formulations in order to manage insect pests. However, Bt resistance development in insects is emerging as a major concern. To avoid this problem, multiple gene pyramiding or protein-engineered chimeric toxin-based strategy has been analyzed.

RNAi-mediated knockdown of gut receptor-like genes prohibitin and α-amylase altered the susceptibility of Galleria mellonella to Cry1AcF toxin.

Background: Due to the prolonged usage of Bt-based biopesticides and Bt-transgenic crops worldwide, insects are continually developing resistance against Cry toxins. This resistance may occur if any mechanistic step in the insecticidal process is disrupted possibly because of the alteration in Cry-receptor binding affinity due to mutation in receptor genes. Compared to other lepidopteran insects, Cry receptor-related research has made asymmetric progress in the model insect Galleria mellonella.