The role of the intestinal microbiome in cognitive decline in patients with kidney disease.

Cognitive decline is frequently seen in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The causes of cognitive decline in these patients are likely to be multifactorial, including vascular disease, uraemic toxins, blood-brain barrier leakage, and metabolic and endocrine changes. Gut dysbiosis is common in patients with CKD and contributes to the increase in uraemic toxins.

Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment and kidney dysfunction.

Cancer and kidney diseases (KD) intersect in many ways resulting in worse outcomes. Both conditions are correlated with cognitive impairment, which can be exacerbated in cancer patients by known effects of many antineoplastic drugs on cognition, leading to a phenomenon known as chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI). This manifests as poor attention span, disturbed short-term memory, and general mental sluggishness.

Genetic and circulating biomarkers of cognitive dysfunction and dementia in CKD.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly accompanied by cognitive dysfunction and dementia, which, in turn, increase the risk of hospitalization, cardiovascular events and death. Over the last 30 years, only four studies focused on genetic markers of cognitive impairment in CKD and kidney failure (KF), indicating a significant gap in research. These studies suggest potential genetic predispositions to cognitive decline in CKD patients but also underscore the necessity for more comprehensive studies.

Lewis-Base-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylation of Isatins with Allyltrichlorosilane.

Herein we report the enantioselective synthesis of 3-allyl-3-hydroxyoxindoles, a core scaffold in a wide range of bioactive molecules, using a Lewis-base catalyst and readily abundant and inexpensive allyltrichlorosilane. This transition-metal-free protocol employs relatively low catalyst loadings of a privileged bispyrrolidine-type scaffold to achieve high yields and enantioselectivities (up to 98% yield and 98:2 er). The total syntheses of the natural products (-)-flustraminol B and (-)-chimonamidine were also successfully carried out using our newly developed method as a key step, highlighting the potential of this method for the efficient and precise synthesis of complex natural products.

Examining acquired brain injury-associated symptoms and fluid-based biomarkers in females surviving intimate partner violence: An observational pilot study protocol.

Background: Acquired brain injury (ABI), including traumatic brain injury and hypoxic/anoxic injury, presents significant public health concerns; however, existing literature has focused primarily on male populations, such as military personnel and contact sports participants. Sex-related differences in ABI outcomes necessitate focused research due to potential heightened risk and distinct physiological responses among females.

Objectives: This pilot study aims to explore fluid-based biomarkers for neurological injury and inflammation in females experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV)-related assaults to the head, neck, or face.