Socioeconomic Disparities in Exposures to PFAS and Other Unregulated Industrial Drinking Water Contaminants in US Public Water Systems.

Background: Unregulated contaminants in drinking water, such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), can contribute to cumulative health risks, particularly in overburdened and less-advantaged communities. To our knowledge, there has been no nationwide assessment of socioeconomic disparities in exposures to unregulated contaminants in drinking water.

Objective: The goals of this study were to identify determinants of unregulated contaminant detection among US public water systems (PWSs) and evaluate disparities related to race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.

Immunophenotyping Tracks Motor Progression in Parkinson's Disease Associated with a TH Mutation.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, with genetic factors accounting for about 15% of cases. There is a significant challenge in tracking disease progression and treatment response, crucial for developing new therapies. Traditional methods like imaging, clinical monitoring, and biomarker analysis have not conclusively tracked disease progression or treatment response in PD.

What Is Brain Damage and Does Electroconvulsive Therapy Cause It?

Surveys show public misperceptions and confusion about brain damage and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Fictional movies have misrepresented ECT to suggest brain damage and to ridicule mental illness and psychiatric patients. "Brain damage" has become a colloquial expression without consistent meaning.

Implementation of clopidogrel pharmacogenetic clinical decision support for a preemptive return of results program.

Purpose: To describe our experiences implementing and iterating CYP2C19 genotype-guided clopidogrel pharmacogenetic clinical decision support (CDS) tools over time in the setting of a large health system-wide, preemptive pharmacogenomics program.

Summary: Clopidogrel-treated patients who are genetically predicted cytochrome P450 isozyme 2C19 (CYP2C19) intermediate or poor metabolizers have an increased risk of atherothrombotic events, some of which can be life-threatening. The Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium provides guidance for the use of clopidogrel based on CYP2C19 genotype in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Genotoxicity assessment in HepaRG™ cells as a new approach methodology follow up to a positive response in the human TK6 cell micronucleus assay: Naphthalene case study.

We are evaluating the use of metabolically competent HepaRG™ cells combined with CometChip® for DNA damage and the micronucleus (MN) assay as a New Approach Methodology (NAM) alternative to animals for follow up genotoxicity assessment to in vitro positive genotoxic response. Naphthalene is genotoxic in human TK6 cells inducing a nonlinear dose-response for the induction of micronuclei in the presence of rat liver S9. of naphthalene.