Publications by authors named "C M Shay"
Article Synopsis
- The EMPRISE study evaluated empagliflozin's effectiveness in reducing various health risks (including all-cause mortality and hospitalization for heart failure) compared to DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes across four Nordic countries.
- Using a noninterventional, multicountry cohort design and propensity score matching, the study analyzed data from 43,695 patients and employed Cox proportional hazards regression for risk assessment.
- Results indicated that patients starting empagliflozin had a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality, hospitalization for heart failure, cardiovascular mortality, and end-stage renal disease, though no significant differences were found for stroke or myocardial infarction.
Background: Emerging data suggest that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) improve kidney outcomes for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Direct comparisons of the kidney and cardiovascular effectiveness of GLP-1 RA with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), a first-line therapy for this population, are needed.
Objectives: The authors compared kidney and cardiovascular outcomes for new users of SGLT2i and GLP-1 RAs with T2D.
Background: Blacks/African American (BAA) patients diagnosed with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have worse survival outcomes than White patients. However, the mechanisms underlying racial disparities in HNSCC have not been thoroughly characterized.
Methods: Data on gene expression, copy number variants (CNVs), gene mutations, and methylation were obtained from 6 head and neck cancer datasets.
PANoptosis represents a novel type of programmed cell death (PCD) with distinctive features that incorporate elements of pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. PANoptosis is governed by a newly discovered cytoplasmic multimeric protein complex known as the PANoptosome. Unlike each of these PCD types individually, PANoptosis is still in the early stages of research and warrants further exploration of its specific regulatory mechanisms and primary targets.
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- Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor, shows greater kidney and cardiovascular benefits compared to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4is) in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD), based on real-world health data.
- In a study involving over 62,000 patients, those starting empagliflozin had a 25% lower risk of major kidney outcomes and reduced risks for mortality and cardiovascular events compared to those taking DPP4is.
- While empagliflozin was more effective, it did have a higher incidence of genital infections, but this did not significantly affect the overall safety profile.