Background: Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is rare and diagnosis is challenging.
Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study of patients with PTL from 1990 to 2023 to determine method of diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.
Results: The study cohort included 31 patients with PTL; all had thyroid enlargement; 21 (68 %) had compressive symptoms, 11 (35 %) had hypothyroidism and 3 had (10 %) B symptoms.
Amphibians can obtain their colour from a combination of several different pigment and light reflecting cell types called chromatophores, with defects in one or several of the cells leading to colour abnormalities. There is a need for better recording of colour abnormalities within wild amphibian populations, as this may provide baseline data that can be used to determine changes in environmental conditions and population dynamics, such as inbreeding. In this study, we provide records of several types of chromatophore deficiencies, including those involving iridophores, xanthophores and melanophores, among two Australian tree frog species; the green and golden bell frog, , and the eastern dwarf tree frog, .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContext: Head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs) are rare, usually benign, slow-growing tumours arising from neural crest-derived tissue. Definitive management pathways for HNPGLs have yet to be clearly defined.
Objective: To review our experience of the clinical features and management of these tumours and to analyse outcomes of different treatment modalities.