[Extra-intestinal manifestations associated with Crohn's disease].

Extra-intestinal manifestations (EIM) associated with Crohn's disease (CD) are frequently observed and can manifest as either the initial symptom or develop later in the disease course following gastrointestinal symptoms. The most common EIM affect the joints, skin, or eyes, with some correlating with active CD activity while others may occur during periods of inactivity. EIM can affect both pediatric and adult CD patients, potentially reducing their quality of life if not promptly identified and treated.

Non-operative treatment of children with simple appendicitis: long-term follow-up (5 years) in a prospective cohort study.

Long-term results after non-operative treatment for children with simple appendicitis seem promising, possibly avoiding appendicectomy in 70 per cent of children after a median follow-up of 5 years. The need for delayed appendicectomy more than 2 years after the initial treatment is rare (0–5 per cent) and no complications occurred past 1 year, including children who underwent delayed appendicectomy.

Long-term efficacy of clinical hunger provocation to wean feeding tube dependent children.

Background & Aims: The incidence of tube feeding dependency seems to increase worldwide, and these children may remain on prolonged tube feeding for many months to years. The multidisciplinary clinical hunger provocation (CHP) program is an intensive inpatient intervention of usually 2-3 weeks, aimed at weaning children from tube feeding. CHP has been proven highly effective on the short term (80-86%), particularly when applied before the age of two years but long-term data are lacking.

Intranasal treatment of vitamin B deficiency in children.

Vitamin B deficiency is traditionally treated with intramuscular injections of cobalamin, which are stressful events for children. In adults, studies have shown adequate absorption of intranasally administered vitamin B. To date, data concerning efficacy of intranasal administration of vitamin B in children are lacking.

[Faecal transplants for children with recurrent infections].

Background: Clostridioides difficile infection is a relatively rare cause of diarrhoea in children, but there are frequent recurrences when it occurs, despite targeted antibiotic treatment.

Case Descriptions: A 2-year-old boy with concomitant motility disorder and a 14-year-old girl with Down syndrome experienced several infections with C. difficile, respectively after the use of antibiotics for otitis media and extended use of antibiotics in addition to chemotherapy.