Life-history trait variation in native versus invasive asexual New Zealand mud snails.

Potamopyrgus antipodarum is a New Zealand freshwater snail that is invasive worldwide. While native P. antipodarum populations are characterized by frequent coexistence between obligately sexual and obligately asexual individuals, only the asexual snails are known to invade other ecosystems.

Evaluation of a modified rapid viability-polymerase chain reaction method for Bacillus atrophaeus spores in water matrices.

A rapid method that provides information on the viability of organisms is needed to protect public health and ensure that remediation efforts following a release of a biological agent are effective. The rapid viability-polymerase chain reaction (RV-PCR) method combines broth culture and molecular methods to provide results on whether viable organisms are present in less than 15 h. In this study, a modified RV-PCR (mRV-PCR) method was compared to a membrane-filtration culture method for the detection of viable Bacillus spores in water matrices.

Biomechanical comparison of the modified Bristow procedure with and without capsular repair.

Purpose: The Bristow procedure has become an effective surgical option for recurrent anterior instability of the shoulder; however, there is no consensus on whether a capsule repair following a Bristow procedure is necessary to restore glenohumeral stability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether capsular repair with a modified Bristow procedure affects rotational range of motion and glenohumeral stability.

Methods: Rotational range of motion, glenohumeral translation and kinematics were measured in eight cadaveric shoulders in 90° shoulder abduction in the scapular and coronal planes for four conditions: intact, 20 % bony Bankart lesion, modified Bristow without capsular repair and modified Bristow with capsular repair.

Acute Compartment Syndrome after Non-Contact Peroneus Longus Muscle Rupture.

This case demonstrates a rare variation in the pattern of injury and the presentation of acute lateral compartment syndrome of the leg. Although uncommon, lateral compartment syndrome of the leg after an ankle inversion leading to peroneus longus muscle rupture has been previously documented. This case was unusual because there was no overt ankle injury and the patient was able to continue physical activity, in spite of a significant rupture of the peroneus longus muscle that was determined later.

Prevalence of Abnormal Vitamin D Levels Among Division I NCAA Athletes.

Background: Up to 1 billion people have insufficient or deficient vitamin D levels. Despite the well-documented, widespread prevalence of low vitamin D levels and the importance of vitamin D for athletes, there is a paucity of research investigating the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in athletes.

Hypothesis: We investigated the prevalence of abnormal vitamin D levels in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college athletes at a single institution.