Long-term outcomes of spinal fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a literature review.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common form of spinal deformity in the younger population. The surgical management for these patients improved constantly over the last year and might not be comparable to modern treatment strategies. However, under this aspect the present investigation updates and discusses current evidence regarding the long-term outcome of the surgical management of AIS.

Satisfactory 2-year outcome of minimal invasive hybrid stabilization with double treated screws for unstable osteoporotic spinal fractures.

Purpose: This study evaluates whether the fracture level alters the outcomes of minimally invasive hybrid stabilization (MIHS) with double-threaded, uncemented polyaxial screws for unstable osteoporotic vertebral fractures.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 73 patients (71.23% females, mean age: 79.

Changing fitness effects of mutations through long-term bacterial evolution.

The distribution of fitness effects of new mutations shapes evolution, but it is challenging to observe how it changes as organisms adapt. Using lineages spanning 50,000 generations of evolution, we quantify the fitness effects of insertion mutations in every gene. Macroscopically, the fraction of deleterious mutations changed little over time whereas the beneficial tail declined sharply, approaching an exponential distribution.

Learning Curve in Robotic Stereoelectroencephalography: Single Platform Experience.

Background: Learning curve, training, and cost impede widespread implementation of new technology. Neurosurgical robotic technology introduces challenges to visuospatial reasoning and requires the acquisition of new fine motor skills. Studies detailing operative workflow, learning curve, and patient outcomes are needed to describe the utility and cost-effectiveness of new robotic technology.

Risk Factors for Neurologic Deficits in Patients With Spinal Epidural Abscess: An Analysis of One-Hundred-Forty Cases.

Study Design: retrospective study.

Objectives: In addition to surgical treatment of spinal epidural abscesses (SEA), a conservative, medical treatment for patients without acute neurologic deficits has been proposed. However, the risk factors for neurologic deficits are unclear.