Comparison of liquid based cytology and histology for the evaluation of HER-2 status using immunostaining and CISH in breast carcinoma.

Background: HER-2 amplification is an important prognostic biomarker and treatment determinant in breast carcinoma.

Aims: To correlate immunocytochemical (ICC) expression of HER-2 and gene amplification determined by chromogenic in situ hybridisation (CISH) using liquid based cytology (LBC) with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and CISH using histological samples of the same breast carcinomas.

Methods: Frozen sections and cytobrushings of 103 breast carcinomas were analysed.

Less HLA-G expression in Plasmodium falciparum-infected third trimester placentas is associated with more natural killer cells.

During pregnancy, maternal immune tolerance of the fetal semi-allogeneic graft is partly the consequence of extravillous trophoblast HLA-G expression and its interaction with natural killer (NK) cells. Plasmodium falciparum malaria is frequently associated with maternal and fetal complications. Local HLA-G expression and the number of NK cells were evaluated immunohistochemically in P.

Proliferation assessment in breast cancer: a double-staining technique for AgNOR quantification in MIB-1 positive cells especially adapted for image cytometry.

There are two ways of measuring the cell proliferation. The first one consists of quantifying the number of cycling cells with the help of antibodies directed against cells either in G1, S, G2 or M phase. The second way is to assess the cell cycle duration by the quantification of AgNOR proteins.

Semiautomatic quantification of silver-stained nucleolar organizer regions in tissue sections and cellular smears.

Silver staining of nucleoli reveals argyrophilic proteins associated with nucleolar organizer region (Ag-NOR) proteins. Argyrophilic components appear as dots about 1 micron in diameter dispersed throughout the nucleolus (Ag-NOR dots). The count of Ag-NOR dots is a useful index for improving the cancer diagnosis and determination of prognosis.

[Silver staining of nucleolus organizer regions (NORs). Application to the study of nucleolar structure and value in pathology].

Nucleolus is the morphologic expression of synthesis and maturation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) from amplified ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Nucleolar Organizer Regions (NORs) are functional subunits of the nucleolus in which actively transcribed rDNA is surrounded with numerous regulatory proteins. Some of them are argyrophilic non-histone proteins (Ag-NOR proteins).