The Impact and Perception of England's Web-Based Heart Age Test of Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: It is well documented that individuals struggle to understand cardiovascular disease (CVD) percentage risk scores, which led to the development of heart age as a means of communicating risk. Developed for clinical use, its application in raising public awareness of heart health as part of a self-directed digital test has not been considered previously.

Objective: This study aimed to understand who accesses England's heart age test (HAT) and its effect on user perception, knowledge, and understanding of CVD risk; future behavior intentions; and potential engagement with primary care services.

Evaluation of the uptake and delivery of the NHS Health Check programme in England, using primary care data from 9.5 million people: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To describe the uptake and outputs of the National Health Service Health Check (NHSHC) programme in England.

Design: Observational study.

Setting: National primary care data extracted directly by NHS Digital from 90% of general practices (GP) in England.

Online self-assessment of cardiovascular risk using the Joint British Societies (JBS3)-derived heart age tool: a descriptive study.

Objective: A modified version of the Joint British Societies (JBS3) 'heart age' tool was introduced online to broaden access to personalised risk assessment to the general population and encourage participation in the National Health Service (NHS) Health Check programme. This study reports on its early uptake and the profiles of those who used the self-assessment tool to determine their own cardiovascular risk.

Design: Observational, retrospective analysis of online tool use.

The use of surgery in the treatment of ER+ early stage breast cancer in England: Variation by time, age and patient characteristics.

Aim: To assess whether the proportion of patients aged 70 and over with ER+ operable breast cancer in England who are treated with surgery has changed since 2002, and to determine whether age and individual level factors including tumour characteristics and co-morbidity influence treatment choice.

Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of routinely collected cancer registration data from two English regions (West Midlands, Northern & Yorkshire) was carried out (n = 17,129). Trends in surgical use over time for different age groups were assessed graphically and with linear regression.

A population based study of variations in operation rates for breast cancer, of comorbidity and prognosis at diagnosis: failure to operate for early breast cancer in older women.

Background: Older women are less likely to have surgery for operable breast cancer. This population-based study examines operation rates by age and identifies groups which present with early or late disease.

Methods: 37 000 cancer registrations for 2007 were combined with Hospital Episode Statistics comorbidity data for England.