Disconnecting central hot water and using electric showers to avoid colonization of the water system by Legionella pneumophila: an 11-year study.

Legionella spp. can be difficult to control in hospitals. The objective of this study was to describe an 11-year experience with the use of electric showers in the control of Legionella pneumophila.

Electric showers as a control measure for Legionella spp. in a renal transplant unit in São Paulo, Brazil. Legionellosis Study Team.

After an outbreak of legionnaires' disease Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 in a renal transplant unit in São Paulo, Brazil, periodic hyperchlorination and flushing of pipes were instituted as control measures. These were only partially effective as every two to five months water cultures turned positive or new cases of the disease occurred. In November 1993 the hot water was disconnected from the unit and small, plastic electric showers were installed in each bathroom.

Metronidazole-induced pancreatitis.

We present a case of a 22-yr-old female who developed acute pancreatitis coincident with metronidazole therapy, with documented recurrence when inadvertently rechallenged on two separate occasions. These episodes were unrelated to alcohol ingestion, gallbladder disease, or other known causes of pancreatitis. Only one other case of metronidazole-induced pancreatitis was found in the English literature.