Effect of External Beam Radiation Therapy and Brachytherapy on Circulating Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Populations in Patients Treated Definitively for Cervical Cancer.

Purpose: The immunosuppressive function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) has been implicated in the regulation of immune responses against cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. Radiation treatment is known to alter immune cell populations within the tumor; however, whether this results in the recruitment of immunosuppressive MDSC populations is not well understood. Here we evaluate the response of circulating MDSC populations in patients treated per standard-of-care cisplatin chemoradiation therapy (CRT) for locally invasive cervical cancer.

Plastic debris accumulated on Sargassum algae stranded biomass are vectors for different As(V) and As(III) forms.

This work shows that the plastic debris accumulated along with stranded Sargassum biomass in Guadeloupe's beaches contains different forms of arsenic. Results from synchrotron nano X-ray Fluorescence (nanoXRF) and nano X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (nanoXANES) show that arsenate (As(V) in a tetrahedral coordination) present in seawater is complexed in the algae cell walls in an octahedral As(V) form, which is subsequently reduced to As(III) within the algae. Inorganic As(III) is either excreted or may undergo methylation and/or binding to glutathione, which is then stored in the algal cells or excreted.

Flavor and Device Choices Among People Who Use ENDS: Results From the PATH Study.

Introduction: In guidance published in February 2020, the FDA described their intent to prioritize enforcement against the sale of flavored cartridge-based Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) except tobacco and menthol flavors. This guidance was specific to cartridge-based ENDS and did not apply to other ENDS types or e-liquids sold in the U.S.

Changes in the harm perceptions of different types of tobacco products for youth and adults: Waves 1-5 of the population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) study, 2013-2019.

Introduction: Tobacco harm perceptions are associated with tobacco use for both youth and adults, but it is unknown how these harm perceptions have changed over time in a changing tobacco product landscape.

Methods: Data from Waves 1-5 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study were analyzed to examine perceptions of harm of eight non-cigarette tobacco products compared to cigarettes. Perceptions of harm were assessed with the questions, "Is smoking/using [product] less harmful, about the same, or more harmful than smoking cigarettes?".

Iron distribution and speciation in a 3D-printed hybrid food using synchrotron X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption spectroscopies.

The bioavailability of iron from a food depends on its concentration and chemical form but also on dietary factors and nutrient interactions, which are affected by storage conditions and time. Here we investigated the time-course profile of iron in a hybrid 3D-printed food composed of alternating layers of liver and lentils after 0, 5, 7, 14 and 21 days of storage at 4 °C under oxygen or nitrogen packaging. Synchrotron X-ray fluorescence highlighted major variations in iron distribution in both the animal and plant parts of the food as a function of storage conditions.