Reproducibility of motor effects induced by successive subcutaneous apomorphine injections in Parkinson's disease.

We performed a crossover study of apomorphine-induced motor response reproducibility in 10 parkinsonian patients with the "on-off" phenomenon. On 2 separate days, each patient received two successive identical s.c.

Thalamic stimulation and suppression of parkinsonian tremor. Evidence of a cerebellar deactivation using positron emission tomography.

Parkinsonian tremor can be abolished by chronic high frequency thalamic stimulation of the ventral intermediate nucleus. We have studied six patients with unilateral Parkinson's disease. The patients had an electrode chronically implanted in the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus.

Pharmacokinetics of apomorphine in parkinsonian patients.

Apomorphine, a dopamine agonist, has been used efficiently in parkinsonian patients to treat severe levodopa-induced on-off phenomenon. Motor improvement has been obtained both with continuous subcutaneous (SC) infusions, and multiple SC injections. So as to assist in the understanding of the clinical results, we studied the peripheral pharmacokinetics of apomorphine in 20 patients after intravenous (IV) or SC injections in the anterior abdominal wall and in the thigh at various doses, or SC infusion.

External and implanted pumps for apomorphine infusion in parkinsonism.

Continuous delivery of dopaminergic agents to the striatum is a major challenge to improve the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Apomorphine is one of the best candidates because of its solubility and its D1 and D2 receptor agonist properties. Seventeen Parkinsonian patients suffering from severe L-dopa-induced on-off effects were treated by continuous subcutaneous (SC) infusion with a portable minipump.