Spaceflight Environment.

The safety and health of individuals who may be exposed to the spaceflight environment are first and foremost cared for through prevention. This environment, which encompasses microgravity, radiation, and alternobaric factors, can have physiologic impacts on every human system. Available medical care and resources in the spaceflight environment are currently limited by mass and volume constraints, with available medical resources thereby focusing on a patient's stabilization and evacuation.

Comparison of Windup and Stretch Pitching Biomechanics in Baseball With Implications for Safety and Performance.

Background: Historically, it was assumed by some that high leg lift with windup pitching generated more ball velocity whereas pitching from the stretch was quicker to reduce the risk of base stealing but also more stressful on the arm. However, many now believe that velocity and stress do not differ between windup and stretch and always pitching from the stretch is simpler than mastering 2 techniques.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare windup and stretch fastball pitching biomechanics.

Implementing Shared Decision-Making for Multiple Sclerosis: The MS-SUPPORT Tool.

Background: Disease modifying therapies (DMTs) offer opportunities to improve the course of multiple sclerosis (MS), but decisions about treatment are difficult. People with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) want more involvement in decisions about DMTs, but new approaches are needed to support shared decision-making (SDM) because of the number of treatment options and the range of outcomes affected by treatment. We designed a patient-centered tool, MS-SUPPORT, to facilitate SDM for pwMS.

Aviation Decompression Sickness in Aerospace and Hyperbaric Medicine.

The U.S. Navy experienced a series of physiological events in aircrew involving primarily the F/A-18 airframe related to rapid decompression of cabin pressures, of which aviation decompression sickness (DCS) was felt to contribute.

Hypoxia signatures in closed-circuit rebreather divers.

Introduction: Faults or errors during use of closed-circuit rebreathers (CCRs) can cause hypoxia. Military aviators face a similar risk of hypoxia and undergo awareness training to determine their 'hypoxia signature', a personalised, reproducible set of symptoms. We aimed to establish a hypoxia signature among divers, and to investigate their ability to detect hypoxia and self-rescue while cognitively overloaded.