Effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on the ventral prostate of rats during the peri-pubertal, pubertal and adult stage.

The herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is used on a wide variety of terrestrial and aquatic broadleaf weeds. 2,4-D has been shown to produce a wide range of adverse effects on animal and human health. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of pre- and postnatal exposure to 2,4-D on rat ventral prostate (VP).

Neonatal hypomyelination by the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Chemical and ultrastructural studies in rats.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), which is an herbicide used to control the growth of broadleaf weeds, had a direct or an indirect (mediated by undernutrition) hypomyelinating effect. We also proposed to analyze the effect of 2,4-D on undernourished (UN) pups. Four experimental rat groups were used: well-nourished (WN) pups, litters with eight offsprings; UN pups, litters with fourteen offsprings; WN pups whose mother received 70 mg/kg/day of 2,4-D from postnatal day (PND) 9 to 21 (WN70 pups); and UN pups whose mother received 70 mg/kg/day of 2,4-D from PND 9 to 21 (UN70 pups).

Melatonin decreases the oxidative stress produced by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in rat cerebellar granule cells.

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is one of the most widely used herbicides due to its relatively moderate toxicity and to its biodegradability in the soil. In toxic concentrations, 2,4-D displays strong neurotoxicity, partly due to generation of free radicals. Since melatonin has remarkable antioxidant properties, the objective of this study was to assess to what extent it was effective in preventing the 2,4-D effect on redox balance of rat cerebellar granule cells (CGC) in vitro.

Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase immunohistochemical study in the locus coeruleus of neonate rats exposed to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid through mother's milk.

Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DbetaH), the enzyme that synthesizes noradrenaline from dopamine, was studied in the locus coeruleus (LC) of neonate rats exposed to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) through lactation for 14 days (from PND 9 to 22). Pups (22 days old) were anesthetized and fixed by transcardiac perfusion. Control and treated serial sections from brain stem--which correspond with the LC according to the Paxinos and Watson atlas--were simultaneously processed by an immunohistochemistry method for the DbetaH detection.