Maternal attitudes and behaviours differentially shape infant early life experience: A cross cultural study.

Early life environments afford infants a variety of learning opportunities, and caregivers play a fundamental role in shaping infant early life experience. Variation in maternal attitudes and parenting practices is likely to be greater between than within cultures. However, there is limited cross-cultural work characterising how early life environment differs across populations.

Early impact of COVID-19 social distancing measures on reported sexual behaviour of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis users in Wales.

Objectives: To describe the early impact of COVID-19 and associated control measures on the sexual behaviour of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users in Wales.

Methods: Data were obtained from an ecological momentary assessment study of PrEP use and sexual behaviour. Participants were individuals accessing PrEP through the National Health Service (NHS) sexual health clinics across four health boards in Wales.

Congenital toxoplasmosis as one phenocopy of North Carolina Macular Dystrophy (NCMD/MCDR1).

Purpose: To highlight the striking similarities between the lesions of congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) and North Carolina Macular Dystrophy (NCMD) using multimodal imaging including spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Observations: We are comparing a case report of CT compared to that of NCMD. The case of a 64-year-old man with a lifelong history of decreased vision OD from toxoplasmosis and new onset of central retinal vein occlusion OS.