Enhancing combinatorial optimization with classical and quantum generative models.

Devising an efficient exploration of the search space is one of the key challenges in the design of combinatorial optimization algorithms. Here, we introduce the Generator-Enhanced Optimization (GEO) strategy: a framework that leverages any generative model (classical, quantum, or quantum-inspired) to solve optimization problems. We focus on a quantum-inspired version of GEO relying on tensor-network Born machines, and referred to hereafter as TN-GEO.

Interdisiplinary and intraobserver reliability of the Greulich-Pyle method among Turkish children.

Objectives: Greulich-Pyle (GP) is one of the most used method for bone age determination (BAD) in various orthopedic, pediatric, radiological, and forensic situations. We aimed to investigate the inter- and intra-observer reliability of the GP method between the most relevant disciplines and its applicability to the Turkish population.

Methods: One-hundred and eighty (90 boys, 90 girls) patients with a chronological age younger than 18 (mean 9.

Determination of the effects of advanced glycation end products receptor polymorphisms and its activation on structural cell responses and inflammation in asthma.

Background: Advanced glycation end products receptor (RAGE) is a pattern recognition receptor which attracted attention in chronic airway diseases recently. This study aimed to determine the association of RAGE with asthma and the cellular responses resulting from RAGE signaling pathway activation.

Methods: Asthmatic (n = 362) and healthy (n = 134) children were genotyped by PCR-RFLP.

The Role of Whole-Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Assessing Extrapulmonary Metastases in Osteosarcoma Staging and Restaging: A Pilot Study.

Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the role of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in assessing extrapulmonary metastases in primary osteosarcoma staging.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical data to identify primary osteosarcoma patients with available preoperative whole-body MRI obtained in the staging or restaging. Histopathology was the reference test for assessing the diagnostic performance, if available.

The value of MRI contrast enhancement in biopsy decision of suspicious mammographic microcalcifications: a prospective multicenter study.

Objectives: To investigate the inclusion of breast MRI in radiological assessment of suspicious, isolated microcalcifications detected with mammography.

Methods: In this prospective, multicenter study, cases with isolated microcalcifications in screening mammography were examined with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) before biopsy, and contrast enhancement of the relevant calcification localization was accepted as a positive finding on MRI. Six experienced breast radiologists evaluated the images and performed the biopsies.