Sex-Specific Improvements in Myocardial Function and Angiogenesis with SGLT-2 Inhibitor Canagliflozin in a Swine Model of Metabolic Syndrome.

There is a significant body of literature to suggest that coronary artery disease (CAD) is a highly sex-specific disease. The study of sex-specific therapeutics and sex-specific responses to treatment for CAD remains underreported in the literature. Sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are of growing interest in the treatment of ischemic heart disease and heart failure; however, the sex-specific response to SGLT2 inhibitors is unknown.

The Drug Allergy History Tool (DAHT): Validation of a Patient-Reported Survey Instrument.

Background: While the reaction history is critical for drug allergy evaluations and is typically self-reported, there is no validated survey instrument to collect drug allergy history from patients.

Objective: To validate a survey instrument that collects patient-reported drug allergy history.

Methods: The Drug Allergy History Tool (DAHT) was revised after three rounds of cognitive testing, with data assessed for reliability, through test-retest comparison, and quality and validity, through a concordance analysis against electronic health record (EHR) allergist documentation.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor linagliptin improves fibrosis, apoptosis, and cardiac function in a large animal model of chronic myocardial ischemia.

Interest is increasing in using novel diabetic medications, such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, to manage coronary artery disease. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors enhance GLP-1 activity through the same pathway as GLP-1 agonists; however, DPP-4 inhibitors have not been fully evaluated in the setting of ischemic heart disease. We chose to study the DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin (LIN) in a porcine model of chronic coronary ischemia.

Engineering Nanoallergens to Investigate Origins of Immunogenicity and Cross-Reactivity in Cephalosporin Allergy.

Background: A major obstacle to the effective diagnosis of cephalosporin allergies is that the haptens, or segments of their molecular structures, which are responsible for the initiation of an immunogenic response, are unknown.

Objective: This study aims to identify immunogenic moieties of cefazolin to accurately predict IgE-mediated allergy and cross-reactivity with other cephalosporin antibiotics.

Methods: Hapten immunogenicity analysis is performed using liposomal nanoallergens integrated in a cellular degranulation assay to quantify secreted allergic mediators.