An early assessment of Uganda's roll-out of Option B+: Service capacity and infant outcomes.

Background: Uganda was one of the first countries in sub-Saharan Africa to implement Option B+ as its national strategy for prevention-of-mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV, doing so in 2013. We report on two evaluations designed to assess the capacity of the health care system to implement Option B+, and to obtain preliminary information on the maternal-to-child-transmission rate of HIV.

Methods: We performed: 1) a cross-sectional assessment in 2014 of 505 health care facilities (49 district hospitals, 83 Health Center [HC] IVs, and 373 HCIIIs) in 62 of Uganda's 112 districts to evaluate whether services and commodities required for Option B+ were being provided; and 2) a retrospective record review of 283 HIV-exposed infants enrolled in post-natal care in 2013 in the Central Region to evaluate infant outcomes at 18-months of age.

HIV incidence and factors associated with seroconversion in a rural community home based counseling and testing program in Eastern Uganda.

We estimated HIV incidence and identified risk factors for seroconversion following a rural community home based HIV counseling and testing program in Uganda. We analyzed data from two rounds of testing at least a year apart. Of 19,401 initially seronegative participants, 106 seroconverted in Round 2.