Classical and Modern Models for Biofilm Studies: A Comprehensive Review.

Biofilms are structured microbial communities that adhere to various abiotic and biotic surfaces, where organisms are encased in an exo-polysaccharide matrix. Organisms within biofilms use various mechanisms that help them resist external challenges, such as antibiotics, rendering them more resistant to drugs. Therefore, researchers have attempted to develop suitable laboratory models to study the physical features of biofilms, their resistance mechanisms against antimicrobial agents, and their gene and protein expression profiles.

Microbial DNA Profiles of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles from 3D Salivary Polymicrobial Biofilms - A Pilot Study.

With the advent of multi-layered and 3D scaffolds, the understanding of microbiome composition and pathogenic mechanisms within polymicrobial biofilms is continuously evolving. A fundamental component in mediating the microenvironment and bacterial-host communication within the biofilm are bilayered nanoparticles secreted by bacteria, known as bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs), which transport key biomolecules including proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites. Their characteristics and microbiome profiles are yet to be explored in the context of in vitro salivary polymicrobial biofilm.

Immunoaffinity-enriched salivary small extracellular vesicles in periodontitis.

Aim: aliva extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as a significant reservoir of biomarkers that may be of clinical use in disease diagnosis. Saliva, however, contains EVs of both host- and bacterial- origin. Identifying suitable EVs for disease diagnosis involves enriching host EVs and limiting non-host contamination with effective isolation methods.

Sdd3 regulates the biofilm formation of via the Rho1-PKC-MAPK pathway.

, the most frequently isolated fungal pathogen in humans, forms biofilms that enhance resistance to antifungal drugs and host immunity, leading to frequent treatment failure. Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing biofilm formation is crucial for developing anti-biofilm therapies. In this study, we conducted a genetic screen to identify novel genes that regulate biofilm formation in .

Identifying Undiagnosed Diabetes and Prediabetes in the Dental Setting in an Asian Population-A Clinical Risk Model.

Aim: To assess the glycaemic status of Asian patients in a tertiary care dental setting and develop a risk model for undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM).

Material And Methods: A total of 1074 participants completed a diabetes risk test questionnaire, full-mouth periodontal examination and a point-of-care HbA1c finger-prick blood test. Univariable logistic regression was performed to assess the effect of potential factors to predict DM, with confirmed diabetes as the outcome.