Applicability of surface sampling and calculation of surface limits for pharmaceutical drug substances for occupational health purposes.

Within the context of Occupational Hygiene (OH), surface sampling has been employed as a method to assess surface levels of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs). There are potentially a number of reasons surface samples are collected including assessing potential health risks, housekeeping and cleaning effectiveness. There are no internationally accepted standards relating to collecting or interpreting surface samples for OH purposes.

[Quality assurance program for pain management after obstetrical perineal injury].

Introduction: A quality insurance program has been set up in order to improve the relief of pain in patients with perineal injury after childbirth.

Patients And Methods: The program has been developed according to the French standards of accreditation. After elaboration of a referential, a first study (103 patients) allowed to evaluate the ongoing practices and to appreciate the pain intensities.

Infraclavicular block with lateral approach and nerve stimulation: extent of anesthesia and adverse effects.

Background And Objectives: The infraclavicular approach to the brachial plexus is little used despite theoretical advantages of the technique. Using a vertical paracoracoid approach, we assessed the extent of the sensory block and the incidence of adverse effects.

Methods: After obtaining informed consent, 100 patients undergoing surgical procedures distal to the elbow were evaluated.

Sedation with sufentanil and midazolam decreases pain in patients undergoing upper limb surgery under multiple nerve block.

Multiple nerve blocks may be painful and a source of discomfort. We assessed the efficacy of sufentanil 5 microg combined with midazolam 1 mg in decreasing pain in outpatients after a midhumeral multiple nerve stimulation technique. Visual analog scores for pain were significantly lower in those patients who received sedation before the block, both at the time of block performance (14 +/- 1 vs 27 +/- 2 mm, P < 0.