Transcription processes compete with loop extrusion to homogenize promoter and enhancer dynamics.

The spatiotemporal configuration of genes with distal regulatory elements is believed to be crucial for transcriptional control, but full mechanistic understanding is lacking. We combine simultaneous live tracking of pairs of genomic loci and nascent transcripts with molecular dynamics simulations to assess the gene and its enhancer. We find that both loci exhibit more constrained mobility than control sequences due to stalled cohesin at CCCTC-binding factor sites.

Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacokinetics of a New Preservative-Free Bimatoprost 0.01% Ophthalmic Gel to Treat Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension.

Pharmacokinetic evaluation of ocular penetration and systemic accumulation of preservative-free bimatoprost 0.01% ophthalmic gel (PFB 0.01% gel).

Lifestyle Changes in Aging and their Potential Impact on POAG.

Primary open angle glaucoma is a primary mitochondrial disease with oxidative stress triggering neuroinflammation, eventually resulting in neurodegeneration. This affects many other areas of the brain in addition to the visual system. Aging also leads to inflammaging - a low-grade chronic inflammatory reaction in mitochondrial dysfunction, so these inflammatory processes overlap in the aging process and intensify pathophysiological processes associated with glaucoma.

Epidemiology and Treatment of Patients With Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in Germany: A Health Claims Data Analysis.

Prcis: Based on a large administrative database of German claims data, our study provides current estimates of the prevalence and incidence of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in Germany and describes selected outcomes for prevalent patients with POAG.

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence and incidence of POAG in Germany, to describe the patient population in terms of comorbidity burden, routine care, and overall healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and associated costs, and to describe treatment patterns over time in patients undergoing relevant laser procedures.

Materials And Methods: Based on anonymized German claims data, we carried out a retrospective, noninterventional study covering calendar years 2016-2021.

Protection against Oxidative Stress by Coenzyme Q10 in a Porcine Retinal Degeneration Model.

Oxidative stress plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases, including glaucoma. Therefore, we analyzed if the antioxidant coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), which is also commercially available, can prevent retinal degeneration induced by hydrogen peroxide (HO) in a porcine organ culture model. Retinal explants were cultivated for eight days, and HO (500 µM, 3 h) induced the oxidative damage.