A diet-dependent host metabolite shapes the gut microbiota to protect from autoimmunity.

Diet can protect from autoimmune disease; however, whether diet acts via the host and/or microbiome remains unclear. Here, we use a ketogenic diet (KD) as a model to dissect these complex interactions. A KD rescued the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of multiple sclerosis in a microbiota-dependent fashion.

A diet-dependent host metabolite shapes the gut microbiota to protect from autoimmunity.

Diet can protect from autoimmune disease; however, whether diet acts via the host and/or microbiome remains unclear. Here, we use a ketogenic diet (KD) as a model to dissect these complex interactions. A KD rescued the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of multiple sclerosis in a microbiota-dependent fashion.

Biological and functional multimorbidity-from mechanisms to management.

Globally, the number of people with multiple co-occurring diseases will increase substantially over the coming decades, with important consequences for patients, carers, healthcare systems and society. Addressing this challenge requires a shift in the prevailing clinical, educational and scientific thinking and organization-with a strong emphasis on the maintenance of generalist skills to balance the specialization trends of medical education and research. Multimorbidity is not a single entity but differs quantitively and qualitatively across life stages, ethnicities, sexes, socioeconomic groups and geographies.