Diagnostic Evaluation of Nontraumatic Chest Pain in Athletes.

This article is a clinically relevant review of the existing medical literature relating to the assessment and diagnostic evaluation for athletes complaining of nontraumatic chest pain. The literature was searched using the following databases for the years 1975 forward: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; CINAHL; PubMed (MEDLINE); and SportDiscus. The general search used the keywords chest pain and athletes.

High-risk HPV types in lesions of the uterine cervix of female commercial sex workers in the Philippines.

In order to prevent cervical cancer, vaccines against human papilloma virus types 16 (HPV-16) and 18 (HPV-18) have been implemented worldwide. However, the HPV types that cause cancer can differ according to geographical area and ethnicity. In this new era of the HPV vaccine, it is important to elucidate the prevalent HPV types in each area.

Utility of internal mammary lymph node removal when noted by intraoperative gamma probe detection.

Background: Lymphatic mapping (LM) for breast cancer has made internal mammary node (IMN) detection practical and dependable. This study demonstrates the necessity of IMN removal when suggested by intraoperative radioguided surgery detection.

Methods: From April 1998 to July 2000, 1273 patients underwent LM for breast cancer.

Learning curves for breast cancer sentinel lymph node mapping based on surgical volume analysis.

Background: Implementation of new procedures, including lymphatic mapping for breast cancer, must be done and overseen by the medical community in a responsible way to ensure that the procedures are performed correctly. This study addresses the issues of adequacy of training and certification of surgeons performing lymphatic mapping. Ensuring quality in surgical care requires outcomes measures that are described in this study.