Blood cortisol and faecal cortisol metabolite concentrations following an ACTH challenge in unanaesthetized brown bears ().

Faecal cortisol metabolites (FCMs) are increasingly used to index physiological stress in wildlife. Cortisol and other stress hormones act to mobilize glucose, providing energy for the organism to respond to environmental perturbations. Cortisol, the predominant glucocorticoid (GC) in most mammals, is metabolized by the liver and excreted as FCMs.

Breast pericytes: a newly identified driver of tumor cell proliferation.

Introduction: Effective treatment of breast cancer remains a formidable challenge, partly due to our limited understanding of the complex microenvironmental factors that contribute to disease pathology. Among these factors are tissue-resident perivascular cells, which play crucial roles in shaping vascular basement membranes, maintaining vessel integrity, and communicating with adjacent endothelial cells. Despite their essential functions, perivascular cells have been relatively overlooked.

Current and Historical Resource Nitrogen Supply Affects the Eco-Physiological Traits and the Ionome of a Diazotrophic Cyanobacterium.

Diazotrophic cyanobacteria can overcome nitrogen (N)-limitation by fixing atmospheric N; however, this increases their energetic, iron, molybdenum, and boron costs. It is unknown how current and historic N-supplies affect cyanobacterial elemental physiology beyond increasing demands for elements involved in N-fixation. Here, we examined the changes in pigment concentrations, N-storage, and the ionome (i.

Longitudinal changes in electrophysiology and widefield calcium imaging following electrode implantation.

. Intracortical microelectrode arrays often fail to deliver reliable signal quality over chronic recordings, and the effect of an implanted recording array on local neural circuits is not completely understood..