From Vision to Reality: The EU's Pharmaceutical Reforms and the Path to Improved Access.

Disparities in access to oncology medicines in European Union (EU) member states can impact patient outcomes profoundly, with availability and timely access varying significantly across and within member states. This paper discusses the intersection of the new European Health Technology Assessment Regulation (HTAR), the provisions of the proposed pharmaceutical legislation and their potential impacts on access to oncology medicines across EU member states. The HTAR, seeking to standardise the clinical evaluation of new medicines, has the potential to streamline the evaluation process but also risks oversimplifying diverse national healthcare needs.

Use of Oral and Intravenous Tranexamic Acid in Total Knee Arthroplasty and Total Hip Arthroplasty Procedures.

Introduction: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic drug commonly used in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Intravenous (IV) and topical TXA therapy have been extensively studied and shown to reduce blood loss, length of hospital stay, and blood transfusion rates following TKA. Despite the extensive literature regarding IV and topical TXA in orthopedics, there is a current dearth of studies analyzing oral usage.

A 10-year Retrospective Review of Patient-to-Patient Transmitted Pathogens in Culture-Positive Burn Wounds at a Tertiary Burn Center.

Burn wound infection can progress to sepsis and is a significant source of morbidity and mortality. Prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms are high in burn patients; these organisms can be transmitted between patients leading to poor outcomes. To characterize patient-to-patient transmission of pathogens causing burn wound colonization at a single tertiary hospital burn center in Hamilton, Canada from 2011 to 2020.

The Impact of Surgical Wait Time and Hospital Stay on the Incidence of Burn Wound Infection and Related Complications at a Single Tertiary Hospital Centre: A 10-Year Experience.

Admitted patients with burn injuries require prompt treatment and shorter hospital stays to avoid hospital-acquired infections and associated complications. This study aimed to determine the impact of time to the first surgery, and total length of hospital stay on the incidence of BWI and associated complications in adult patients with moderate burn injuries at a single tertiary hospital burn center. A retrospective chart review identified burn patients admitted to the Burn Unit between January 2011 and January 2021.

Identifying potential introduced and natural sources of pollution in Delaware watersheds.

Managing water quality with microbial impairment caused by poses unique challenges regarding the determination of fecal host origin. Most water monitoring is performed based on counts that neither detect the location of the introduction of pollution nor identify the type of contaminating . The use of sequenced-based microbial source tracking could allow for identification of fecal origin and potential remediation of pollution.