Background: Heterogeneity of treatment effects (HTEs) can occur because of either differential treatment compliance or differential treatment effectiveness. This distinction is important, as it has action implications, but it is unclear how to distinguish these two possibilities statistically in precision treatment analysis given that compliance is not observed until after randomization. We review available statistical methods and illustrate a recommended method in secondary analysis in a trial focused on HTE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSince nearly 40% of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) patients are individuals with the ability to bear children, many may seek to become pregnant or may be currently lactating when seeking surgery. While many patients plan to breastfeed, MBS patients are at high risk for premature cessation of breastfeeding. Limited literature exists on the impact of MBS on lactation and there are no established guidelines to help clinicians support and educate MBS patients about breastfeeding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Specific modifiable factors (e.g., screen time [ST], sleep duration, physical activity, or social connections) are targets for reducing depression risk in adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To investigate the barriers and facilitators to rehabilitation experienced by individuals with cervical SCI after upper limb (UL) reconstructive surgery.
Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study with a follow-up period of up to 24 months. Data collection occurred at two academic and two Veterans Affairs medical centers in the United States.