Low-dose lung CT: Optimizing diagnostic radiation dose - A phantom study.

Background/purpose: To investigate a quantitative method for assessing image quality of low dose lung computed tomography (CT) and find the lowest exposure dose providing diagnostic images.

Methods: Axial volumetric lung CT acquisitions (256 slice scanner) were performed on three different sized anthropomorphic phantoms at different dose levels. The maximum steepness of sigmoid curves fitted to line density profiles was measured at lung-to-pleura interfaces.

Effects of Biologics on Temporomandibular Joint Inflammation in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

Objective: This prospective study investigates the efficacy of biologics in combination with methotrexate or leflunomide on juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)- related temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based inflammation score and deformity score.

Methods: A prospective single center observational cohort study of 18 consecutive patients were performed between September 2018- April 2023. Inclusion criteria were: 1) Diagnosis of JIA, 2) MRI-verified TMJ arthritis leading to treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi), 3) MRI at 6 and 24 months after treatment initiation, 4) clinical follow-up contemporary with the MRI by a pediatric rheumatologist and an orthodontist.

Magnetic resonance imaging of pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary hypertension is a rare but serious disease in children with potentially poor prognosis in the long term. Direct measurement of increased pressure in the pulmonary circulation requires right-heart catheterisation. Echocardiography is the imaging modality commonly used for suggesting the presence of pulmonary hypertension and estimating its severity.

Long-term trends in total administered radiation dose from brain [F]FDG-PET in children with drug-resistant epilepsy.

Purpose: To assess the trends in administered 2-[F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([F]FDG) doses, computed tomography (CT) radiation doses, and image quality over the last 15 years in children with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) undergoing hybrid positron emission tomography (PET) brain scans.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from children with DRE who had [F]FDG-PET/CT or magnetic resonance scans for presurgical evaluation between 2005 and 2021. We evaluated changes in injected [F]FDG doses, administered activity per body weight, CT dose index volume (CTDIvol), and dose length product (DLP).

Technical Feasibility and Outcome of Cryoablation of Aneurysmal Bone Cysts in Pediatric Patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and imaging outcome of aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) in children using percutaneous cryoablation as the sole treatment.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 7 children with a mean age of 8.7 years (range, 3.