Correlation Between Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: Analysis of Intestinal Microbiome and Metabolic Characteristics.

Background: Our study examines the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), focusing on the potential impact of acid-suppressive drugs. We also explore changes in gut microbiota and metabolism in patients with both conditions.

Methods: This study included patients from the Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, between February 2021 and November 2023.

A network analysis of depression and anxiety symptoms among Chinese elderly living alone: based on the 2017-2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS).

Background: Elderly individuals living alone represent a vulnerable group with limited family support, making them more susceptible to mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. This study aims to construct a network model of depression and anxiety symptoms among older adults living alone, exploring the correlations and centrality of different symptoms. The goal is to identify core and bridging symptoms to inform clinical interventions.

Prevention of sufentanil-induced cough during induction of general anesthesia by low-dose esketamine.

Background: Sufentanil is commonly used to induce general anaesthesia due to its rapid onset of action, strong analgesic effect, long-lasting effect, and stable haemodynamics; however, it often induces cough, increasing the risk of anaesthesia. This study aimed to investigate the preventive effect of low-dose esketamine on sufentanil-induced cough.

Methods: This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study was conducted at the Air Force Medical Center between September 2023 and May 2024.

Host metabolism balances microbial regulation of bile acid signalling.

Metabolites derived from the intestinal microbiota, including bile acids (BA), extensively modulate vertebrate physiology, including development, metabolism, immune responses and cognitive function. However, to what extent host responses balance the physiological effects of microbiota-derived metabolites remains unclear. Here, using untargeted metabolomics of mouse tissues, we identified a family of BA-methylcysteamine (BA-MCY) conjugates that are abundant in the intestine and dependent on vanin 1 (VNN1), a pantetheinase highly expressed in intestinal tissues.

Metallaphotoredox Enabled Single Carbon Atom Insertion into Alkenes for Allene Synthesis.

Efficient methods for synthesizing allenes from readily available starting materials pose a persistent challenge in organic chemistry. In this work, we present a novel two-stage protocol for allene synthesis involving the single-atom insertion into alkenes, facilitated by synergistic photoredox and cobalt catalysis. Diverging from conventional methods such as the Doering-LaFlamme reaction, this photochemical rearrangement approach operates efficiently under mild conditions in a radical-based manner.