Ventilator-associated pneumonia: pathobiological heterogeneity and diagnostic challenges.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) affects up to 20% of critically ill patients and induces significant antibiotic prescription pressure, accounting for half of all antibiotic use in the ICU. VAP significantly increases hospital length of stay and healthcare costs yet is also associated with long-term morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of VAP continues to present challenges and pitfalls for the currently available clinical, radiological and microbiological diagnostic armamentarium.

Comparison of image quality between Deep learning image reconstruction and Iterative reconstruction technique for CT Brain- a pilot study.

Background: Non-contrast Computed Tomography (NCCT) plays a pivotal role in assessing central nervous system disorders and is a crucial diagnostic method. Iterative reconstruction (IR) methods have enhanced image quality (IQ) but may result in a blotchy appearance and decreased resolution for subtle contrasts. The deep-learning image reconstruction (DLIR) algorithm, which integrates a convolutional neural network (CNN) into the reconstruction process, generates high-quality images with minimal noise.

Influence of deep learning image reconstruction algorithm for reducing radiation dose and image noise compared to iterative reconstruction and filtered back projection for head and chest computed tomography examinations: a systematic review.

Background: The most recent advances in Computed Tomography (CT) image reconstruction technology are Deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) algorithms. Due to drawbacks in Iterative reconstruction (IR) techniques such as negative image texture and nonlinear spatial resolutions, DLIRs are gradually replacing them. However, the potential use of DLIR in Head and Chest CT has to be examined further.

Clinical role of abbreviated and ultrafast MRI in breast imaging.

Current breast cancer screening relies on mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis and breast ultrasound. In select populations, breast MRI is also of great utility. However, multiple factors limit widespread use of breast MRI for screening.

Spontaneous haemorrhagic cholecystitis secondary to the use of novel anticoagulants (rivaroxaban).

Haemorrhagic cholecystitis is a rare complication of acute cholecystitis. It carries a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Risk factors for haemorrhagic cholecystitis include cholelithiasis, trauma, malignancy and the use of anticoagulants.