Impact of Ultrasound Scanning Plane on Common Carotid Artery Longitudinal Wall Motion.

Objective: The arterial wall not only moves in the radial direction to expand circumferentially but also moves in the axial (longitudinal) direction in a predictable bidirectional pattern during a normal cardiac cycle. While common carotid artery (CCA) longitudinal wall motion (CALM) has been described previously, there is a lack of evidence-based method standardization to align practices for human measurement. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether different scanning planes impact CALM outcomes in healthy males and females to provide clarity on data collection strategies.

The influence of physical activity and sex on carotid artery longitudinal wall motion in younger healthy adults.

Carotid artery longitudinal wall motion (CALM) is a novel preclinical marker for atherosclerosis that describes the axial anterograde and retrograde motion of the intima-media complex. While regular physical activity and sex are known to independently influence arterial stiffness, their roles on axial arterial wall behaviour are unknown. The purpose of this study is to examine whether physical activity and sex impact CALM.

The influence of respiration, neck flexion, and arterial segment on carotid artery longitudinal wall motion.

Although carotid artery longitudinal wall motion (CALM) has been highly detailed in cross-sectional studies, there is little evidence to explain population interindividual variability. This study was conducted to investigate how common external factors impact CALM. Twenty-one young healthy adults (11 females, aged 22 ± 2 yr) underwent three within-subject protocols.

Genetic control of susceptibility to eclampsia and miscarriage.

An analysis has been made of 48 pedigrees selected (ascertained) through an affected mother in the first generation. These pedigrees mainly involve cases of eclampsia which occurred before its recent decline in incidence. The data confirm the genetic determination of susceptibility indicated by published data on eclampsia/preeclampsia.

Visual acuity in esotropic cats following occlusion of the non-deviating eye.

The present study examined the possibility that strabismic amblyopia may be explained in terms of binocular competition. This was done by measuring visual acuity in strabismic kittens whose deviating eye was placed at an advantage over the other. Four groups of kittens were studied: Normal/Normal (N/N); Lid-sutured/Normal (LS/N); Strabismic/Normal (S/N); Strabismic/Lid-sutured (S/LS).