Exact Matrix Product States at the Quantum Lifshitz Tricritical Point in a Spin-1/2 Zigzag-Chain Antiferromagnet with Anisotropic Γ Term.

Quantum anisotropic exchange interactions in magnets can induce competitions between phases in a different manner from those typically driven by geometrically frustrated interactions. We study a one-dimensional spin-1/2 zigzag chain with such an interaction, Γ term, in conjunction with the Heisenberg interactions. We find a ground state phase diagram featuring a multicritical point where five phases converge: a uniform ferromagnet, two antiferromagnets, Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid, and a dimer-singlet coexisting with nematic order.

Magnon thermal Hall effect via emergent SU(3) flux on the antiferromagnetic skyrmion lattice.

Complexity of quantum phases of matter is often understood theoretically by using gauge structures, as is recognized by the [Formula: see text] and U(1) gauge theory description of spin liquids in frustrated magnets. Anomalous Hall effect of conducting electrons can intrinsically arise from a U(1) gauge expressing the spatial modulation of ferromagnetic moments or from an SU(2) gauge representing the spin-orbit coupling effect. Similarly, in insulating ferro and antiferromagnets, the magnon contribution to anomalous transports is explained in terms of U(1) and SU(2) fluxes present in the ordered magnetic structure.

Surveillance of Wastewater to Monitor the Prevalence of Gastroenteritis Viruses in Chiba Prefecture (2014-2019).

Background: In Japan, sentinel surveillance is used to monitor the trend of infectious gastroenteritis. Another method of pathogen surveillance, wastewater-based epidemiology, has been used recently because it can help to monitor infectious disease without relying on patient data. Here, we aimed to determine the viral trends reflected in the number of reported patients and number of gastroenteritis virus-positive samples.

The evolution and function of the PSEUDO RESPONSE REGULATOR gene family in the plant circadian clock.

PSEUDO-RESPONSE PROTEINS (PRRs) are a gene family vital for the generation of rhythms by the circadian clock. Plants have circadian clocks, or circadian oscillators, to adapt to a rhythmic environment. The circadian clock system can be divided into three parts: the core oscillator, the input pathways, and the output pathways.

Expected annual probability of infection: A flood-risk approach to waterborne infectious diseases.

This study introduces a new approach for the investigation of infections after an accidental ingestion of contaminated floodwater. The concept of Expected Annual Probability of Infection (EAPI) is introduced and implemented in an infection risk-model approach, by combining a Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) with the four steps in flood risk assessment. Two groups and exposure paths are considered: adults wading in floodwater and small children swimming/playing in floodwater.