Profiles of polysubstance use among people reporting past 12-month sleep-motivated nonmedical use of prescription tranquilizers/sedatives.

Background And Objectives: Nonmedical use of prescription tranquilizers/sedatives (NMUPTS) is associated with a 15-times increased likelihood of polysubstance use (PSU). This is correlated with an increased risk for use disorders and death, therefore, to inform prevention efforts, we identified PSU profiles among adults reporting sleep-related NMUPTS.

Methods: National Survey on Drug Use and Health 2015-2019 participants with past 12-month sleep-related NMUPTS and use of an additional drug(s) (n = 2603) were studied.

Association between IGF-1 and IGFBPs in Blood and Follicular Fluid in Dairy Cows Under Field Conditions.

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) regulates dairy cow reproduction, while the paracrine IGF system locally influences fertility. In both systems, IGF-1 bioactivity is regulated through binding proteins (IGFBPs) inhibiting IGF-1 binding to its receptor (IGF1R). This study aimed to investigate a possible transfer between this endocrine and paracrine system.

Effect of IGFBP-4 during In Vitro Maturation on Developmental Competence of Bovine Cumulus Oocyte Complexes.

Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are essential for oocyte maturation. Their bioavailability is regulated by their respective binding proteins (IGFBPs) and proteases. IGFBP-4 blocks the biological effects of IGFs.

Local application of engineered insulin-like growth factor I mRNA demonstrates regenerative therapeutic potential .

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is a growth-promoting anabolic hormone that fosters cell growth and tissue homeostasis. IGF-I deficiency is associated with several diseases, including growth disorders and neurological and musculoskeletal diseases due to impaired regeneration. Despite the vast regenerative potential of IGF-I, its unfavorable pharmacokinetic profile has prevented it from being used therapeutically.