Lifecycle of surgical devices: Global, environmental, and regulatory considerations.

Background: Technological advancements, improved surgical access, and heightened demand for surgery have fueled unprecedented device and supply turnover impelling wealthy hospitals to upgrade continually and sell, donate, recycle, or dispose of used, expired, antiquated, or surplus goods. This paper reviews the issues related to device and supply lifecycles and discusses the opportunities and challenges they present for sustainable surgical growth in low- and middle-income (LMICs) countries.

Observations: This review found, in LMICs countries, regulatory disparities persist that limit effective harmonization secondary to highly variable national policies and a lack of prioritized enforcement.

Opioids and Youth Athletes.

Context: The ongoing opioid epidemic and associated adverse effects impart a large burden on our current healthcare system. The annual economic and noneconomic cost of opioid use disorder and fatal opioid overdose is currently estimated at $1 trillion.

Objective: This review presents the prevalence, frequency of use, need, and effectiveness of opioid analgesia in the youth and adolescent athlete population.

A Review of the Published Literature in Global Population-Based Studies of Childhood Blindness and Vision Impairment.

Purpose: Reducing childhood blindness and vision impairment (BVI) remains a global health priority. Our purpose was to summarize the peer-reviewed literature to date on measuring and reporting childhood BVI using population-based surveys and vision examinations.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review of published studies that aimed to report BVI prevalence in children or studies that aimed to report BVI prevalence in the general population but which also included children.

Aromatase-Inhibitor-Induced Musculoskeletal Inflammation Is Observed Independent of Oophorectomy in a Novel Mouse Model.

Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs) block estrogen production and improve survival in patients with hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer. However, half of patients develop aromatase-inhibitor-induced arthralgia (AIIA), which is characterized by inflammation of the joints and the surrounding musculoskeletal tissue. To create a platform for future interventional strategies, our objective was to characterize a novel animal model of AIIA.