[Opinion of different professional categories about the intensity of procedural pain in adult intensive care units].

Objectives: to assess the procedures considered as the most painful by health personnel of two adult critical care units.

Methods: individual written survey with a questionnaire about 46 potentially painful procedures. Each individual has to estimate the pain intensity as well as the frequency of performance for each painful procedures.

Coevolutionary toxicity as suggested by differential coniferyl alcohol inhibition of ceratocystis species growth.

Coevolution has been shown to lower the toxicity of predator venoms to usual preys, in contrast to higher toxicity to non-prey similar species (Heatwole and Powell, 1998. Resistance of eels (Gymnothorax) to the venom of sea kraits (Laticauda colubrina): a test of coevolution. Toxicon 36, 619-625).