Polyfunctional Antigen Specific CD4+ T cell Responses in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus/AIDS and Histoplasmosis Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome.

In the combination antiretroviral era, there are limited data regarding the pathogenesis of histoplasmosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We immunologically characterized 10 cases of histoplasmosis, 4 of whom developed histoplasmosis IRIS. CD4+ T cells in histoplasmosis IRIS demonstrated a significant polyfunctional cytokine response to histoplasma antigen.

Treatment of Relapsing HPV Diseases by Restored Function of Natural Killer Cells.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections underlie a wide spectrum of both benign and malignant epithelial diseases. In this report, we describe the case of a young man who had encephalitis caused by herpes simplex virus during adolescence and currently presented with multiple recurrent skin and mucosal lesions caused by HPV. The patient was found to have a pathogenic germline mutation in the X-linked interleukin-2 receptor subunit gamma gene (), which was somatically reverted in T cells but not in natural killer (NK) cells.

Identification of rare HIV-1-infected patients with extreme CD4+ T cell decline despite ART-mediated viral suppression.

Background: The goal of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is to suppress HIV-1 replication and reconstitute CD4+ T cells. Here, we report on HIV-infected individuals who had a paradoxical decline in CD4+ T cells despite ART-mediated suppression of plasma HIV-1 load (pVL). We defined such an immunological outcome as extreme immune decline (EXID).

High optical gain in erbium-doped potassium double tungstate channel waveguide amplifiers.

We report on the optical-gain properties of channel waveguides patterned into lattice-matched KGdxLuyErxy(WO) layers grown onto undoped KY(WO) substrates by liquid phase epitaxy. A systematic investigation of gain is performed for five different Er concentrations in the range of 0.75 to 10at.

Strigolactone analogs act as new anti-cancer agents in inhibition of breast cancer in xenograft model.

Strigolactones (SLs) are a novel class of plant hormones. Previously, we found that analogs of SLs induce growth arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines. These compounds also inhibited the growth of breast cancer stem cell enriched-mammospheres with increased potency.