Comprehensive investigation of factor structure and gender equivalence of the Beck Depression Inventory-II among nonclinical adolescents.

The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) is a widely used tool for rating the severity of depressive symptoms. Studies on the factor structure of the BDI-II in adolescents have yielded controversial findings. Most studies have reported an oblique two-factor model that describes the 'cognitive' and 'somatic-affective' dimensions.

Development of a comprehensive flourishing intervention to promote mental health using an e-Delphi technique.

Background: Although observational studies have already shown promising results of flourishing, a broader concept of health based on positive psychology, there is still a gap in the literature regarding studies that combine different topics of flourishing in a single intervention.

Objectives: To develop a comprehensive and integrate intervention based on positive psychology gathering different topics of flourishing to improve mental health outcomes in individuals with depressive symptoms.

Methods: The following steps were performed: (1) a comprehensive literature review; (2) the designing of a 12-session group intervention based on the values, virtues, and topics of flourishing; (3) assessment of the rationale, coherence, and feasibility by a panel of healthcare professionals answering semi-structured questions, and (4) application of an e-Delphi technique including mental health experts to reach a consensus of at least 80% for each item of the protocol.

Development of an Instrument to Assess Spirituality: Reliability and Validation of the Attitudes Related to Spirituality Scale (ARES).

Several instruments that measure spirituality present overlaps with positive emotions, impacting the interpretation of their findings. In order to minimize these problems, we aimed to develop, assess the reliability and validate a new scale to evaluate spirituality. The instrument was designed using a theoretical framework minimizing tautological issues (i.