Spatiotemporal source analysis in scalp EEG vs. intracerebral EEG and SPECT: a case study in a 2-year-old child.

Objective: This case study aims to demonstrate that spatiotemporal spike discrimination and source analysis are effective to monitor the development of sources of epileptic activity in time and space. Therefore, they can provide clinically useful information allowing a better understanding of the pathophysiology of individual seizures with time- and space-resolved characteristics of successive epileptic states, including interictal, preictal, postictal, and ictal states.

Methods: High spatial resolution scalp EEGs (HR-EEG) were acquired from a 2-year-old girl with refractory central epilepsy and single-focus seizures as confirmed by intracerebral EEG recordings and ictal single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).

A phase-contrast MRI study of acute and chronic hydrodynamic alterations after hydrocephalus induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: To determine acute intracranial hydrodynamic changes after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) via phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI) analysis of the CSF stroke volume in the aqueduct (SVaq) and the foramen magnum (SVfm).

Methods: A prospective PC-MRI study was performed on 34 SAH patients in the acute and late phase. Data on CSF flow and hemorrhage site were analyzed according to acute or chronic hydrocephalus (HC).

[Diagnosis and current concepts of management of advanced abdominal pregnancy].

Authors report a case of abdominal pregnancy diagnosed by MRI at 17 SA with prospective follow-up and planned delivery at 37 SA. The diagnosis is clinically suspected when extra-uterine pregnancy risk factors or history of uterine trauma are present. This is confirmed by MRI, which may be considered as the gold standard.

MRI texture analysis on texture test objects, normal brain and intracranial tumors.

Texture analysis was performed in three different MRI units on T1 and T2-weighted MR images from 10 healthy volunteers and 63 patients with histologically confirmed intracranial tumors. The goal of this study was a multicenter evaluation of the usefulness of this quantitative approach for the characterization of healthy and pathologic human brain tissues (white matter, gray matter, cerebrospinal fluid, tumors and edema). Each selected brain region of interest was characterized with both its mean gray level values and several texture parameters.

The dural crossing of the vertebral artery.

The aim of this study was to present the anatomic and macroscopic aspects of the vertebral artery at the level of the dural crossing. Twenty vertebral arteries in 10 cadavers were dissected. The preparations were photographed and all the samples at the level of the dural crossing were submitted to a histologic study.