Renal dysfunction and long-term risk of heart failure after coronary artery bypass grafting.

Background: Renal dysfunction is associated with increased long-term mortality and incidence of myocardial infarction after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The aim was to investigate the relationship between renal dysfunction and long-term risk of heart failure after CABG.

Methods: All 29,602 patients who underwent primary isolated CABG from 2000 through 2008 in Sweden, with no myocardial infarction within 14 days before surgery, no prior hospitalization for heart failure, and alive 30 days postoperatively, were included from the Swedish Web-system for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-based care in Heart disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies registry.

Home traction of femoral shaft fractures in younger children.

The study describes a home traction program of femoral shaft fractures in preschool children using the 90-90 traction technique. A special bed stretcher was designed for the program and adapted for use in ordinary ambulances and in all types of homes. Twenty-four patients, 2.

Chick embryo, a model to study the lethal activity of pertussis toxin, infectivity of Bordetella pertussis, and their neutralization by immune sera.

The toxin activity of Bordetella strains and acellular pertussis components was evaluated in chick embryos. Eleven-day-old embryos were found to be most suitable for determination of LD50 values. Eight of eight Bordetella pertussis strains possessed LD50 values of 10(4) to 10(6) colony-forming units per dose of 100 microL.

Genetic characterization of Sabin types 1 and 3 poliovaccine virus following serial passage in the human intestinal tract.

Poliovirus isolates types 1 and 3 were obtained from five and seven successive passages respectively, in infants who had been fed monovalent OPV in two separate clinical trials conducted in 1960. The purpose of these trials was to answer the question how much the vaccine virus would revert to its original neurovirulent phenotype following multiplication in the intestinal tract. Human passages were performed either by contact exposure or by feeding the excreted virus while the infants were maintained in isolation.