Associations between weather extremes and faecal contamination along pathogen transmission pathways in rural Bangladeshi households: a prospective observational study.

Background: Weather extremes are predicted to influence pathogen exposure but their effects on specific faecal-oral transmission pathways are not well investigated. We evaluated associations between extreme rain and temperature during different antecedent periods (0-14 days) and Escherichia coli along eight faecal-oral pathways in rural Bangladeshi households.

Methods: We used data from the WASH Benefits Bangladesh cluster-randomised controlled trial (NCT01590095).

Navigating child product safety: Perspectives from experts on international challenges and priorities in regulation and research.

Objective: To elicit and summarise collective expert opinion on contemporary child product safety risks, challenges and priorities.

Methods: An online survey targeted international experts from a cross-section of product safety fields.

Results: Fifty-five experts participated, representing 1,137 years of product safety experience, from a broad range of fields including industry risk management, product assessment and testing, policy and regulation, research, paediatric medicine, advocacy and product liability.

External causes of emergency department presentations: A missing piece to understanding unintentional childhood injury in Australia.

Objective: To identify external causes of unintentional childhood injury presenting to Australian EDs.

Methods: Six major paediatric hospitals in four Australian states supplied de-identified ED data for 2011-2017 on age, sex, attendance time/date, presenting problem, injury diagnosis, triage category and mode of separation. Three hospitals supplied data on external cause and intent of injury.

Bandaids are not the fix: Examining the patterns of injury-related emergency department presentations in Australian children.

Objective: To provide an epidemiological understanding of the types of injuries treated in ED in Australian children, describe the impact of these injuries in volume and severity, and assess the patterns by demographic and temporal factors.

Methods: ED data from six major paediatric hospitals in four Australian states over the period 2011-2017 were analysed to identify childhood injury patterns by nature of injury and body region, as well as sex, age group and temporal factors.

Results: A total of 486 762 ED presentations for injury in children aged 0-14 years were analysed.

Applying a public health approach to identify priorities for regulating child product safety.

Objective: To identify leading injury risk factors and jurisdictional differences in Australian and US child-related product safety regulatory responses to inform the development of Australian policy and reform priorities.

Methods: The study established and evaluated a knowledge base of child-related product safety regulatory responses (recalls, bans, standards and warnings) made in Australia and the US over the period 2011-17 to identify risk factors and potential regulatory gaps.

Results: The research identified 1,540 Australian and US child-related product safety regulatory responses with the most common response type being product safety recall, and the leading product hazards in responses being choking, fire, fall, strangulation and chemical hazards.