Unique Cell Type-Specific Signaling Patterns Define Cholesteatoma.

Objective: To identify cell types and signaling pathways that drive cholesteatoma.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was applied to identify differences between human cholesteatoma specimens and previously published scRNA-seq data for normal human tympanic membrane. The CellChat algorithm determined differential signaling pathways between both tissues.

A 'One-Shot' strategy for preparative chiral sub/supercritical fluid chromatography with chiroptical detection accelerates purification and enhances characterization for drug discovery.

The advantages of a streamlined SFC chiral workflow for preparative chromatographic resolution of the enantiomers of investigational new compounds for pharmaceutical discovery on 10-20 mg scale with on-line chiroptical detection is described. The workflow has been designed to supply milligram amounts of enantiopure material using a universal gradient elution approach. Implementation of a faster and more labor efficient chiral purification workflow was the primary objective, with the secondary objective being an on-line collection of stereochemical information for separated enantiomers with the return of weighed compounds with acceptable purity.

Association of pre-existing cardiovascular disease with administration of fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies.

Objective: Fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy is a first-line treatment for many gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, however, cardiotoxicity concerns may limit administration in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study investigated the association of pre-existing CVD with use of fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy in tumour-eligible GI cancer patients.

Methods And Analysis: National cancer registry data from the Virtual Cardio-Oncology Research Initiative from England between 2014 and 2018 was used to identify GI cancer patients eligible to receive fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy.

Experimental Investigation of Spray Drying Breakup Regimes of a PVP-VA 64 Solution Using High-Speed Imaging.

Atomization plays a key role in spray drying, a process widely used in the pharmaceutical, chemical, biological, and food and beverage industries. In the pharmaceutical industry, spray drying is particularly important in the preparation of amorphous solid dispersions, which enhance the bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients when mixed with a polymer. In this study, a 3D-printed adaptation of a commercial spray dryer nozzle (PHARMA-SD PSD-1, GEA Group AG) was used to investigate the atomization of PVP-VA 64 polymer solutions under varying flow conditions using high-speed diffuse back-illumination.

Mapping the local ambidextrous chirality in thin films of N phase by circular dichroism spectra.

Circular dichroism mapping (CDM) method was introduced by utilizing the highly collimated light beam of synchrotron radiation (SR) available at Diamond Light Source B23 beamline for scanning the thin films of the N phase. We apply SR-CDM to two achiral dimeric materials exhibiting the N phase: symmetric DTC5C9 and dissymmetric DTC5C9CB. The SR-CDM measurements directly capture the chiral information in the local N domains, providing the ultimate complement to the theoretical predictions of the helical structures: the spontaneous symmetry breaking in N phase is ambidextrous.