Does disability modify the association between poor mental health and violence victimisation over adolescence? Evidence from the CoVAC cohort study in Uganda.

We aimed to estimate the impact of poor mental health in early adolescence on subsequent poor mental health, depression, and violence victimisation in late adolescence and to determine whether young people living with disabilities experienced a stronger relationship between mental health and these outcomes. Data from two waves of a longitudinal cohort study of 2773 Ugandan adolescents were used to assess the impact of mental health difficulties in early adolescence (aged 11-14) on presence of subsequent mental health difficulties, depression and past year violence victimisation in later adolescence (aged 15-18). We used g-computation to examine how these outcomes changed dependent on levels of poor mental health in early adolescence and explored functional difficulties as an effect modifier.

α-Synuclein: Multiple pathogenic roles in trafficking and proteostasis pathways in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. A hallmark of both familial and sporadic PD is the presence of Lewy body inclusions composed mainly of aggregated α-synuclein (α-syn), a presynaptic protein encoded by the gene. The mechanisms driving the relationship between α-syn accumulation and neurodegeneration are not completely understood, although recent evidence indicates that multiple branches of the proteostasis pathway are simultaneously perturbed when α-syn aberrantly accumulates within neurons.

Reciprocal effects of alpha-synuclein aggregation and lysosomal homeostasis in synucleinopathy models.

Background: Lysosomal dysfunction has been implicated in a number of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Various molecular, clinical and genetic studies have highlighted a central role of lysosomal pathways and proteins in the pathogenesis of PD. Within PD pathology the synaptic protein alpha-synuclein (αSyn) converts from a soluble monomer to oligomeric structures and insoluble amyloid fibrils.

Interpersonal violence and depression in Brazil: A cross-sectional analysis of the 2019 National Health Survey.

Depression and interpersonal violence are issues of increasing public health concern globally, especially in low-and-middle income countries. Despite the known relationship between interpersonal violence and an increased risk of depression, there is a need to further characterise the experience of depression in those who have experienced violence, to better develop screening and treatment interventions. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on responses from the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey.

Inequalities in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in Brazilian slum populations: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Social and environmental risk factors in informal settlements and slums may contribute to increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study assesses the socioeconomic inequalities in CVD risk factors in Brazil comparing slum and non-slum populations.

Methods: Responses from 94,114 individuals from the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey were analysed.