Perceptions of women medical students and their influence on career choice.

Background: Although women make up nearly half of medical school classes in the United States, just over 20% of residents in surgery are women (excluding obstetrics/gynecology). The objective of this study was to identify whether the proportion of women surgeons on the faculty who have frequent encounters with medical students during their surgery rotation influences the student's perceptions about women surgeons or their career choice.

Methods: Seven US medical schools with proportions of women surgeons on the fulltime faculty varying from 10% to 40% were selected to participate in this survey.

The novel 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor ABT-761 attenuates cerebral vasospasm in a rabbit model of subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: Eicosanoids have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Leukotrienes, 5-hydroxyperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid, and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid are part of this group of substances, resulting from the 5-lipoxygenase activity on arachidonic acid metabolism. This study examined the effects of ABT-761, a new 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, on cerebral vasospasm in an in vivo rabbit model of SAH.

The epidemiology of surgically repaired aneurysms in the United States.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the results of surgery for hospitalized cases of aneurysms in the United States, thereby providing a standard of comparison for new techniques proposed to treat aneurysms.

Methods: Data on hospitalized aneurysm cases were collected from the National Hospital Discharge Survey, a comprehensive database of patients hospitalized in the United States for treatment from the years 1984 to 1994. The National Hospital Discharge Survey samples non-federal, acute-care hospitals with an average length of stay of less than 30 days.

Effect of outflow level and maximum graft diameter on the velocity parameters of reversed vein bypass grafts.

Objective: The objective of this study was to define a normal range of distal graft velocity (DGV) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) on the basis of outflow level and maximum graft diameter for infrainguinal reversed vein bypass grafting (RVG).

Methods: This study was designed as a prospective study of consecutive patients who underwent infrainguinal RVG from 1994 to 1997 in a university hospital and university-affiliated teaching hospital. All patients who underwent infrainguinal bypass grafting from 1994 to 1997 were placed in a prospective protocol with duplex scanning to better define the hemodynamics of normally functioning RVG.