Endoscopic approaches to the management of dysplasia in inflammatory bowel disease: A state-of-the-art narrative review.

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at an increased risk of developing colitis-associated neoplasia (CAN), including colorectal cancer (CRC), through the inflammation-dysplasia-neoplasia pathway. Dysplasia is the most reliable, early and actionable marker for CAN in these patients. While such lesions are frequently encountered, adequate management depends on an accurate assessment, complete resection and close surveillance.

Clinical and health care utilization variables can predict 90-day hospital re-admission in adults with Crohn's disease for point of care risk evaluation.

Background: Hospital re-admission for persons with Crohn's disease (CD) is a significant contributor to morbidity and healthcare costs. We derived prediction models of risk of 90-day re-hospitalization among persons with CD that could be applied at hospital discharge to target outpatient interventions mitigating this risk.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study in persons with CD admitted between 2009 and 2016 for an acute CD-related indication.

Outcomes and cost analysis of patients with dementia in the intensive care unit: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Dementia is a neurological syndrome affecting the growing elderly population. While patients with dementia are known to require significant hospital resources, little is known regarding the outcomes and costs of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with dementia.

Methods: We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study of patients with dementia admitted to the ICU in Ontario, Canada from 2016 to 2019.

Pancolonic Dye Spray Chromoendoscopy to Detect and Resect Ill-Defined Neoplastic Lesions in Colonic Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Pancolonic dye spray chromoendoscopy (DCE) is used as an adjunct to white light endoscopy (WLE) to enhance the detection and delineation of ill-defined neoplastic (dysplastic) lesions in persons with colonic inflammatory bowel diseases (cIBD). We evaluated the utility of DCE as follow-up to high-definition WLE (HD-WLE) to "unmask" and/or facilitate endoscopic resection of neoplastic lesions.

Methods: We retrospectively studied persons with cIBD who underwent DCE as follow-up to HD-WLE between 2013 and 2020.

The role of low-carbohydrate diets in the intensive care unit.

Low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) nutrition therapy is characterized by carbohydrates comprising <26% of the daily caloric intake and a higher proportion of fat. LCHF therapies reduce exogenous glucose load, improve glycemic control, decrease inflammation, and improve clinical outcomes such as respiratory function. Given the altered metabolism in critically ill patients, LCHF nutrition therapy may be especially beneficial as it enables the conservation of protein and glucose for metabolic roles beyond energy use.